Metabolic Conditioning and energy systems

Metabolic Conditioning

Read more: Training Methodologies, Conditioning
Edited by Reaper
Metabolic conditioning or "metcon" refers to conditioning exercises intended to increase the storage and delivery of energy for any activity.[1] The first thing that comes to mind for most people when training to improve endurance is conditioning the cardiovascular system to improve transport of blood to the working muscles. Concurrently, metabolic conditioning is conditioning the muscles to better use the fuel delivered to them by improving the efficiency of the different metabolic pathways.[2] While it was once believed that only aerobic conditioning served to increase cardiovascular health, studies have now shown that anaerobic conditioning may also condition the heart to a same level as aerobic training alone. Dr. Izumi Tabata successfully produced excellent improvements in anaerobic and aerobic conditioning in a group of accomplished athletes using interval training. It is of note that Tabata's four minute high intensity group experienced better V02 max improvement than the control group, which followed a 60 minute moderate intensity regimen.[1]
The premise behind this type of conditioning is to condition the phosphagen and glycolytic pathways adequately (with enough volume to create significant improvement); it is much easier to accumulate volume in "aerobic" training (oxydative) because it requires less energy. Using the phosphagen pathway for example: when performing exercise at an intensity that requires energy to be supplied through the phosphagen pathway, the intensity is so high that the work can only be sustained for 10-30 seconds. In order to continue training at this intensity (to "metabolically condition" the body to work in this pathway), one must follow this by resting from 30-90 seconds before repeating the process. This is why high-intensity interval training is the principle method of metabolic conditioning.

Sprinting Mid-distance Distance
Metabolic Pathways
Primary Energy System Phosphagen Glycolytic Oxydative
Duration of Work (secs) 10-30 30-120 120-300
Duration of Recovery (secs) 30-90 60-240 120-300
Load:Recovery Ratio 1:3 1:2 1:1
Reps 25-30 10-20 3-5

Contents

Phosphagen Pathway

The phosphagen pathway is primarily responsible for providing energy for the most high-powered activity lasting less than ten seconds.[1]

Glycolytic Pathway

The glycolytic pathway is responsible for powering moderate-powered activities which last up to several minutes.[1]

Oxydative Pathway

The oxydative pathway's role is to provide energy for low-powered activities lasting in excess of several minutes.[1]